In the 19th
century there was already very present the idea of the industrial production in
the near future. The increasing society would need to be supplied with products
and houses, which can be accomplished with industrialization: mass producing.
When it comes to architecture modern architects were aware of this idea and
interested on how to achieve it, since it wasn’t as simple as with smaller
objects. They also
realized that industrialization also meant incorporating more finished
construction elements but less artisanal work. In the 1950
industrialized elements and techniques started to be incorporated speaking of
realm of architecture, first openings and then prefabricated products which
became part of the system.
Le Corbusier: Ozenfant’s Workshop, Paris, 1922
The saw
tooth roof is a solution from the industrial world.
Ernst May: Siedlung Paunheim, Frankfurt, 1926-29
Communist architect sets up a system
of industrialization of construction: precast-concrete panel that allows building
the walls fast and saving money.
Unité d’Habitation,
Marseille, 1947-52
Le Corbusier proposed the reconstruction of Europe by means of
his Unité d’Habitation, a collective
housing solution base on 18-sotrey
slab block for about 1600 inhabitants
which would locate on parkland in suburban
areas. The impelling idea was to build a reinforced concrete
rigid frame and after this, he wanted to incorporate the prefabricated housing
units. The housing unit consists of a duplex
apartment with access through a central corridor. Le Corbusier introduces the concept of dry construction, that is to say, the fast
assembly of a house without using wet techniques such as brickwork or the
application of plaster.
"A house is a machine for living in", Le Corbusier
La Cittá
Nuova, Antonio Sant’Elia
This is an example
of futurism architecture, it was the result of machine + industrialization
Molded Fiberglass Chair, Charles and Ray Eames (1948)
The first industrially produced plastic chair presented in the 'Low-Cost Design' competition in 1948'
